If you want to return the air this might work. Build a room off the side of the workshop and dump all the dust and shavings straight into it, it's been done before as someone pointed out. Now if the room is big enough, when the air from the dust collector exhaust gets into it the air will slow down and a lot more dust will drop out while it moves around, but the big thing is it slows down to nothing. Now return the air through a filter wall made of a couple of layers of panel filter material or similar. If the panels are large enough the air will very slowly return to the workshop and as it is moving slowly will not support the dust it once held and what is still in the air will not get through the panel filters as the air is not moving fast enough. It is all about the air being slowed down so it does not support the huge dust load and then returning it as slowly as possible through the filters.
Chris
Everything I like is either illegal, immoral or fattening