Originally Posted by
Michael J Evans
........ does a 4 sided planer do the job of a jointer as well?
Not in the way you are probably thinking. As noted in other comments, there is a finished quality issue at play. At one of the many wood-related stops in my misspent youth, I worked at a place who had one part of the operation running a lot of molders.
If you want to run, say, rough-sawn, kiln-dried 4/4 wood into 1 x 6 boards with a finish acceptable for furniture, the molder has to have a minimum of 6 heads. You have to take the top and bottom to finished in 2 steps - get it hogged off to pretty close, then put the final surface on with the second station. Like a scrub-plane + jack + jointer combined [the molder does flat very well], followed by a smoother.
Big-time t&g flooring is run at 600 - 1,000 feet per minute on a 12+ head molder. Gotta take smaller bites at Warp 6. The arrangement of the side heads in the machine is also critical, as it the sequencing of top and bottom.
The hilarious part of all this is that the waste steam management [dust and chips] costs as much or more than the molders. Imagine the waste volume running 4/4 x 8" at 150 LFPM. You ain't blowing this into a 55 gal drum with a 3 HP cyclone.
But I digress.............
When I started woodworking, I didn't know squat. I have progressed in 30 years - now I do know squat.